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Conclusion

After completing this report we realise the vast potential of being able to control the expression of genes and how, if successful, they can be used to cure diseases such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes and Parkinson’s. Social & ethical issues also raise many questions regarding whether the benefits of this technology outweigh the drawbacks. While man-made genetic machines could be useful, they also pose many risks for possible defects being released into the environment or even being used for the wrong reasons. In either case, the future of the techniques discussed show great optimism.

What the future holds

The successful control of gene expression can lead to many breakthroughs as the human gene is a major determinant of human health. The last decade has seen the speed and costs of sequencing advance faster than computer chips. Currently, however, the knowledge of genetic control is still not sufficient for turning the full theory into application. Additionally, significant hurdles in overcoming safety, compatibility and reliability remain.

While the effects of this technology on the environment and future generations are yet to be seen, social and legal factors will be important players in how it turns out. Whichever developments result, one of the most important factors determining how these techniques and mechanisms turn out will be technology.